Valve for internal-combustion motors



-. Jan. 18, 1927.

K. R. MANVILLE VALVE FOR INTERNAL coMBUsTIoN MOTORS Filed May 12. 1923 gli;

A TTU/MIE KS Patented Jan. 18, 1927.

UNITED STATES 1,614,749 PATENT OFFICE.

KEITH R. MANVILLE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR T INTERNATIONAL MOTOR COMPANY, OF NW YORK, N.

Y. A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

VALVE non IN'rnnNAL-coMBUs'rIoN morons.

Application filed May 19,

This invention relates to an improved valve construction and mounting for internal combustion motors and has todo particularly with the type of valve which is operated by an overhead shaft. Two important problems are primarily sought to be solved by the invention although the construction is charac terized by many features which will be pointed out hereinafter. The first problem is that of relieving the stem of the valve from the lateral thrust ordinarily imposed thereon by the side thrust of the operating cam and the second is to afford convenient and nice adjustment of the valve on its seat. In accordance with the invention the valve and its operating cam follower are so mount-ed and related to the guide for the valve stem as to transmit the side thrust of the operating cam directly to the guide which has a large bearing surface in the wall of the motor. The

v valve stem itself is thereby relieved of side thrust in the bore of its guide. The adjust ment of the valve itself is effected nicely and positively by ready rotation of a nutthreadcd on the end of the valve stem, the friction of the valve on its seat holding the stem against rotation during rotative movement of the nut thereon.` The adjustment provided may be conveniently made by the engagement of a tool of ordinary construction such as a screwdriver with the nut, the operation automatically increasing the spring pressure on the valve stem during the actual rotation of the nut. The construction whereby the desired adjustment is secured is simple and accessible7 positive in action and includes provision foi-'automatic retention of the nut. in adjusted position on the valve stem during normal use of' the parts. No special tools are required to effect the adjustment and no disasscmblying of parts is entailed. The elements themselves are rugged and simple and so arranged that a .self-grinding action is imparted to the valve and continued operation instead of resulting in. ruiiious wear actually improves the operating conditions. Another feature characteristic of the construction is the lightness of weight whereby inertia is reduced to the smallest possible degree during the rapid changes of direction of the cam follower and valve.

The construction will be described with refererence to one suitable embodiment illustrated in the drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation show- 1928. Serial No. 638,484.

plane indicated by the line 3 3 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary detail view in section and on a somewhatlarger scale illustrating particularly the relation of an adjusting tool to the adjusting nut and its friction lock washer at the instant the n'ut is to be rotated on the stein.

The engine wall indicated conventionally at a has formed therein a valve seat b for a port which is to be controlled by a. valve c of conventional form, the stem c of the valve in the illustrated embodiment extending upwardly for operation on an overhead cam. In the engine Wall is mounted a guide for the valve stem which includes a snugly fitting casing (l in which the stem slides and an enlarged cylindrical portion d which may seat on the engine wall as indicated at b2 and receive certain of the opera-ting parts to be described. On the upper end of the valve stem c is threaded an adjusting nut e which is preferably split as at e to facilitate a clamping action for holding it on the stem in adjusted position, as will appear later. The end of the nut is preferably flanged as indicated at e2 to provide a` large bearing surface on which rests a cylindrical cam follower f the side wall of which fits snugly within the casing d land the head f of which is engaged by an operating cam indicated at g for operation of the valve in the manner which is understood. At the periphery of the fiange e2 of the nut e and preferably on its underside are provided a series of grooves e or other suitable recesses. The outer surface of the nut e is preferably tapered downwardly towards the lower end as indicated at e and encircling this portion of the nut is an elongated washer h having its bore tapered similarly as indicated at h for snug frictional engagement with the split nut e. The washer h is formed with a circular fiange It which lies directly under the flange e2 of the nut e but is spaced therefrom. Atthe periphery ofthe flange h2 and preferably on its Ill) Vunderside of the flange h2 of the washer L.

affords a convenient seat for one or more valve springs c which are disposed wholly `within the valve stem lguide d and seat on the endv thereof. The follower f normally` extends above the upper end of the bai-reid ot the valve stem guide 'and' has therein a series of openings f2 through which a tool maybeintroduced for opera-tive engagement with? the nut e when the latter is to beadjusted; structions to provide scallops (Z2 in the upper edge of the barrel d ior alineinent ot the holes f2 in case the follower is sopositioned that the openings arenot sutciently above Vthe upper edge ot' the'baiiel d as to admit oi the introduction ota tool. Other openings Zamay be formed in theside wall oi the barrel (Zpreterfably adjacent its bottom to break any vacuum-which might be set up during the reciprocation of the follower 'within the barrel d andtoatford escape ot accumulatedr oil or thek like.

Tlieaction/of the springs isis to press the conical: washer 7L onto theoutei' wall oie the split nut e with'suiiicient force to clamp the nut onto the valve Astein and hold it noi'- mally iny adjusted position thereon. Ac cordingly, operation of 'the cam follower 7 by tliecam g .results in depression of the par-ts as a unit. By disposing` `thecani g off the center of lthe valve stem follower 7 a constant but' slight rotative movement thereonmay bey imposed to the end that all ciprocate therein and having openings in its of the parts including the valve c will have a constant but. slight rotation and ay seltgrinding-action ot the valve `will ensue, thereby compensating for wear. It an ad- Ajustinent is desired a tool oic conventional form, such as a screwdriver z' may be introduced through one ot theopenings f2 and engage withalined grooves@3 and 71,3. Rotation of the tool on its own: axis as indicated by the arrow in Figure 4 will move the liriction washer it 'out of engagement with the'jsplit nut e thereby unclamping it and simultaneously rotate the nut e in one direc- It may bedesirable in some con-V tion while rotating thewasher i in the opposite direction. the tool z' compression of the valve spring It' will be transmitted through thevtool to the nut e thereby7 imposing on the valve stein o an axial torcewhich will hold the valve con its seat during rotation of the nut e on the stem. Incidentally, movement oic the nut e on the stemto compensate tor wear on the valve will carry the washer it downwardly tol a corresponding degree and increase the compression ot the spring as will be desirable. nthisway, wear at any point is whollytaken care ot'.

The invention is not to be limited to the Vlook washer encirclingthe nut-,said nut and washer being formed onV opposedsuriaces with recesses :tor mutual engagement by a tool, and springs to force the lock washer against the split `nut to lock it normally and resist yieldingl'y. axial movement of the lock washer whereby inserting a tool between the opposed surfaces and adjusting, simultaneously separates the washer from the nut.

3. A valve mounting Vincluding a valve stem guide termed with a cylindrical barrel, a cylindrical cam follower mounted to reside walls for the introduction or" a tool therethrough, an adjusting nut disposed within the cam iollower and threaded on the valve stem, a washer encii'clingthe nut, said -nut and washerbeing formed with recesses During this movement ot 

